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Country: Jamaica Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO helps secure investments to enhance the climate resilience of vulnerable smallholders in the wake of Hurricanes Beryl and Melissa Rome/Songdo, South Korea – The Green Climate Fund (GCF) has approved a $50 million project, supported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), to enhance the climate resilience of vulnerable smallholders in Jamaica. The project focuses on areas where climate risks and food security challenges are most severe due to an increased frequency of hurricanes, longer droughts and progressively erratic rainfall – hazards that are already lowering yields, increasing food loss, and threatening rural livelihoods nationwide. Titled ADAPT Jamaica: Enhancing climate change resilience of vulnerable smallholders in Central Jamaica, the project represents the first ever single country climate investment that Jamaica has received from the GCF. The GCF’s grant contribution amounts to over $40 million. ADAPT Jamaica was approved on Friday, during the forty-fourth meeting of the GCF Board in Songdo, South Korea. Co-financed by the Jamaica Social Investment Fund, Jamaica’s Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Mining, the Development Bank of Jamaica, and FAO, the project will reach more than 700,000 beneficiaries (around half of whom are women) across six central parishes in Jamaica that are responsible for roughly 70 percent of the country’s domestic food production. The initiative builds on a previous FAO-led GCF Project Preparation Facility Readiness project that funded critical feasibility studies and site-specific analyses for ADAPT Jamaica. “This decision underscores the trust that the GCF and the Government of Jamaica place in FAO’s capacity to deliver solutions to the multiple challenges the country faces,” said FAO Director-General QU Dongyu. “Protecting vulnerable farmers and investing in sustainable and resilient agrifood systems is among the smartest choices we can make for climate action that also delivers on the Four Betters: better production, better nutrition, a better environment, and a better life – leaving no one behind.” Floyd Green, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Mining of Jamaica, said the approval of the ADAPT Jamaica project was both timely and critical for his country. “Our farmers are on the frontline of climate change, facing more intense droughts, stronger hurricanes and increasing production risks. This investment allows us to move from response to resilience by strengthening infrastructure, expanding access to climate-smart technologies and improving how farmers produce, store and bring food to market. It is a decisive step toward securing Jamaica’s food systems for the future,” the minister said. As co-financiers and co-executing partners, the Jamaica Social Investment Fund and the Development Bank of Jamaica – both GCF Direct Access Entities – will be instrumental in ensuring the long-term sustainability and country ownership of the project. Building resilience in the wake of Hurricanes Beryl and Melissa Jamaica’s agricultural sector contributes roughly 7 percent of GDP and supports about 18 percent of the population. Smallholder farmers mainly cultivate root crops, pulses, vegetables and fruits, often on rain-dependent hillside plots. Yet, agriculture remains one of the country’s most climate-impacted sectors. Hurricane Beryl (Category 4), which struck in July 2024, caused agricultural losses exceeding $30 million and affected more than 48,000 farmers. In October 2025, Hurricane Melissa – the first Category 5 hurricane to make direct landfall in Jamaica – inflicted $6–7 billion in damage and destroyed more than 100,000 structures across key agricultural parishes. Meanwhile, climate projections point to growing risks. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report confirms that tropical cyclones will intensify as global temperatures rise. For Jamaica, this means more frequent and more destructive hurricanes, longer and hotter dry periods, and increasingly unpredictable rainfall. In addition, unsustainable land-use practices on slopes have contributed to soil erosion, land degradation and pressure on forest margins, increasing deforestation risks and weakening ecosystem resilience. Food production is further undermined by high post-harvest food loss, estimated at 30–40 percent for many crops. Farmers frequently lose tomatoes, onions and leafy vegetables due to poor post-harvesting and handling practices, lack of temperature-controlled storage and delays in reaching markets. These impacts are already reducing yields and deepening poverty among smallholder farmers, many of whom rely on rain‑fed production and have limited access to irrigation, finance, technology and climate information. ADAPT Jamaica seeks to address these challenges by integrating climate-resilient farming practices, improved water and post-harvest systems, strengthened climate information and early‑warning services, and better access to finance and markets. Through Farmer Field Schools – which will provide training on technologies such as solar-powered irrigation and cold storage, as well as practices including mixed production systems, improved crop varieties, and sustainable soil, water and nutrient management – the project aims to reduce food loss, stabilize farmer incomes, and strengthen resilience across agricultural value chains. In addition, enhanced market and finance linkages will help producers scale and sustain these improvements. Demonstration sites will feature hurricane‑resilient protected agriculture, showcasing reinforced greenhouses and shade houses designed to withstand Category 4–5 storms. Farmers will also learn how efficient irrigation coupled with water harvesting systems can help manage drought and heat stress while reducing operating costs. The model farms will promote agroforestry and soil conservation practices such as contour planting, mulching and integrating trees into farming systems to stabilize slopes, reduce erosion, restore soil health and protect surrounding ecosystems. Overall, ADAPT Jamaica represents a critical investment in the country’s long-term food security. It will strengthen climate-resilient farming systems, reduce food losses and help secure a stable food supply in the face of intensifying climate change. Contact FAO News and Media(+39) 06 570 53625FAO-Newsroom@fao.org Nicholas RigilloFAO News and Media (Rome)Nicholas.Rigillo@fao.org

Countries: World, Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Máximo Torero speaks at UN press briefing on implications of Middle East conflict New York / Rome — The Chief Economist of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Máximo Torero, warned that the ongoing disruption to the Strait of Hormuz trade corridor is triggering one of the most severe shocks to global commodity flows in recent years, with significant implications for food security, agricultural production, and global markets. Speaking at a United Nations daily press briefing, Torero highlighted that tanker traffic through the Strait of Hormuz has collapsed by more than 90 percent within days of the escalation. The vital artery for global trade typically carries around 20 million barrels of oil per day—approximately 35 percent of global crude oil flows—alongside one-fifth of global liquefied natural gas (LNG) and up to 30 percent of internationally traded fertilizers. “This is not only an energy shock. It is a systematic shock affecting agrifood systems globally,” Torero said. He emphasized that the Gulf region accounts for nearly half of global sulfur trade, a critical input used to produce sulfuric acid for processing phosphate rock into fertilizers. Disruptions to sulfur supply risk fracturing global phosphate fertilizer production, including in major producing countries. Shipping constraints have been compounded by surging insurance costs. Following the expansion of high-risk zones in early March, war-risk insurance premiums rose from 0.25 percent to as high as 10 percent of vessel value, with coverage now resetting every seven days. Even in the event of de-escalation, normal shipping conditions may take months to resume, Torero warned. Rising input costs and risks to agricultural production The Chief Economist pointed out that the disruptions are already translating into higher costs for farmers worldwide. Fertilizer prices have risen sharply, with Middle East granular urea increasing by 19 percent in the first week of March, while Egyptian urea prices surged by 28 percent. Given that natural gas is the primary feedstock for nitrogen fertilizers, elevated energy prices are expected to sustain upward pressure on fertilizer costs. FAO projections indicate that global fertilizer prices could average 15 to 20 percent higher in the first half of 2026 if the crisis persists. “Farmers are facing a dual cost shock: they have more expensive fertilizers alongside rising fuel costs affecting the entire agricultural value chain, including irrigation and transport,” Torero said. In response, many producers are likely to reduce fertilizer application or shift toward less input-intensive crops, he added. Since fertilizer use follows a nonlinear yield response, even modest reductions can result in disproportionately large declines in crop yields, particularly in regions where baseline usage is already low. Duration of disruption will be decisive During the briefing, Torero stressed that the duration of the crisis will determine the scale of its global impact. In the case of a short-term disruption of up to one month, impacts are expected to remain contained. Global food stocks are currently sufficient, and markets could stabilize within approximately three months. The FAO Food Price Index remains about 21 percent below its March 2022 peak. If the disruption persists for three months or longer, risks escalate significantly, affecting global planting decisions for 2026 and beyond. Under a medium-term disruption scenario, FAO anticipates reduced yields for fertilizer-intensive crops such as wheat, rice, and maize, crop substitution toward nitrogen-fixing crops such as soybeans, and increased competition from biofuel production as higher oil prices stimulate demand for agricultural feedstocks. Impacts across countries Torero underscored that the effects of the crisis will vary depending on crop cycles and import dependencies. Countries currently most vulnerable include: Sri Lanka, where the Maha rice harvest is underway Bangladesh, currently in its critical Boro rice season India, facing reduced domestic fertilizer production ahead of the Kharif season Egypt, highly exposed due to reliance on wheat imports Sudan, already facing acute food insecurity In Sub-Saharan Africa, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Mozambique are particularly exposed due to high dependence on fertilizer imports. Major agricultural exporters such as Brazil may also face production impacts, with potential spillovers into global markets. Torero also highlighted two critical secondary risks: potential declines in income flows from Gulf economies could affect millions of households in developing countries relying on remittances, and export restrictions could further tighten global supply and exacerbate price volatility. Policy recommendations Torero called for urgent, coordinated international action. In the short term, it is critical to establish alternative trade corridors, provide emergency financial support to import-dependent countries, and ensure farmers have access to credit. In the medium term, countries need to diversify fertilizer import sources, strengthen regional reserves, and avoid export restrictions. In the long term, FAO recommends investing in sustainable, input-efficient agriculture, scaling alternative fertilizer technologies such as green ammonia, and treating food systems as strategic infrastructure.

Country: Sudan Sources: Catholic Agency for Overseas Development, Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect, Human Rights Watch, Humanitarian Aid Relief Trust, Nonviolent Peaceforce, Plan International, Raoul Wallenberg Institute, Waging Peace We welcome the announcement by Foreign Ministers of the Sudan Core Group at the Human Rights Council on 26 February, and applaud the UK’s role in driving it. The commitment to establish a coalition to ‘prevent further atrocities in Sudan and support the Sudanese people to lay the foundations for eventual justice’ is a vital and overdue step in the international response to one of the world’s most devastating crises: one that we have collectively long called for. We share the collective outrage at the scale of suffering inflicted on Sudanese civilians by all parties to the conflict. It demands urgent, coordinated, and sustained action. The UN Fact-Finding Mission’s findings on El Fasher, laying bare the full horror of the Rapid Support Forces’ 18-month siege, and the ‘risk of further genocidal violence’, make clear that the time for half-measures has passed. The Sudanese people have waited far too long for the international community to match its words with action. As one of our Sudanese allies stated, “It won’t bring back those we’ve lost but the international momentum is so critical right now.” The Berlin Conference on 15 April, convening as the crisis enters its fourth year, provides the coalition’s first major opportunity. We urge the UK, members of the Coalition and co-hosts of the conference to bring meaningful collective prioritisation to the distinct need to protect civilians and prevent further atrocities in addition to necessary efforts to secure unfettered aid access and a halt to supply of weapons and military support to the warring parties. We urge members of the Coalition to make clear to the warring parties that they will face swift and meaningful consequences for a failure to end ongoing atrocities, including widespread sexual violence, deliberate attacks on civilians, humanitarian workers and local responders, as will those who aid and abet such actions. Sudanese civil society and the voices of survivors must be at the heart of discussions in Berlin and the work of the Coalition, not consulted on the margins. Drawing on our collective expertise and our connections to Sudanese civil society, our organisations stand ready to support this initiative. We hope this marks a sincere turning point. We look forward to working with the Coalition and its members to raise the ceiling of collective ambition and support bold follow-through to protect civilians and prevent further atrocities across all of Sudan. Statement signatories: Alliance for Peacebuilding CSW (Christian Solidarity Worldwide) CAFOD Global Centre for the Responsibility to Protect Nonviolent Peaceforce PAEMA Plan International UK Protection Approaches Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights Humanitarian Aid Relief Trust (HART) Human Rights Watch Waging Peace Women4Sudan

Countries: Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal Source: Action contre la Faim France Please refer to the attached Infographic. La période actuelle se caractérise par une amélioration notable des conditions pastorales dans l’ensemble de la région, avec une disponibilité généralement satisfaisante des pâturages et des points d’eau, favorisant un bon état corporel des animaux. Toutefois, des disparités persistent, notamment dans certaines zones où la couverture végétale reste faible ou les ressources hydriques excédentaires entraînent des risques d’inondation. Les marchés sont globalement accessibles, mais les prix des animaux connaissent une tendance haussière, tandis que ceux des céréales varient selon les zones, influençant les termes de l’échange qui demeurent défavorables pour les éleveurs dans plusieurs localités. Sur le plan sanitaire, quelques foyers de maladies animales et humaines nécessitent une vigilance accrue. La sécurité reste fragile dans certaines zones, avec des cas récurrents de vols de bétail et des pressions sur les ressources pastorales supplémentaires liées à l’accueil de populations déplacées ou réfugiées.

Country: Yemen Sources: CCCM Cluster, UN High Commissioner for Refugees Please refer to the attached file. • 2025 Response Overview: In 2025, the Cluster targeted approximately 744,000 people out of 1.9 million People in Need (PiN). However, due to significant funding shortfalls, the Cluster was only able to reach around 302,000 individuals, representing approximately 41% of the target. Financially, the Cluster received only USD 10 million against a total requirement of USD 55 million, which considerably constrained the scale and scope of response activities. • 2026 HNRP Planning Process: The Cluster successfully finalized the 2026 Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan (HNRP) cycle, applying the same calculation methodology used in previous years and aligned with the global Cluster guidance. • People in Need (PiN) Analysis for 2026: The analysis identified approximately 1.9 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) and affected host community members residing in displacement sites across 201 districts in Yemen. o 56 districts were classified under Severity Level 4, o The remaining districts were classified under Severity Level 3. Notably, 86% of the total People in Need were reported in Severity 4 districts, highlighting the acute humanitarian conditions and the critical need for sustained CCCM interventions in these high-severity areas

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Country: occupied Palestinian territory Sources: Housing, Land, and Property Area of Responsibility, Norwegian Refugee Council, Protection Cluster Please refer to the attached file. The Legal Task Force (LTF) launched a consultative survey to inform its inputs into the UN-Habitat Strategic Framework on Housing, Land and Property (HLP) in the Gaza Strip. The survey was designed to collect field-level information from LTF member organizations on the most urgent HLP challenges facing Gazans, priority areas for legal aid programming over the next 6–12 months, and the institutional and procedural steps required from relevant authorities to enable effective legal aid provision.

Country: occupied Palestinian territory Sources: Housing, Land, and Property Area of Responsibility, Norwegian Refugee Council, Protection Cluster Please refer to the attached file. This guide helps non-legal humanitarian staff (i.e. Shelter, WASH, CCCM actors) understand land types, ownership / usage rights, and documentation in Gaza before implementing interventions.

Country: Lebanon Sources: Health Cluster, World Health Organization Please refer to the attached file.