Please refer to the attached file.
This Humanitarian Update is produced by OCHA Regional Office for the Middle East and North Africa (ROMENA) on behalf of and in collaboration with UN agencies and humanitarian organisations. It covers the period from 1 to 30 June 2026.
HIGHLIGHTS
- The ceasefire remained in effect throughout June, although localized incidents between 8 and 11 June reportedly injured 20 people and damaged civilian infrastructure, according to authorities.
- Humanitarian needs continue to be driven by the impacts of the February–April escalations, particularly damage to health, water, housing and education infrastructure, alongside broader recovery needs.
- Recovery efforts continue across affected sectors. More than 1,100 schools have been restored, while national and humanitarian partners support debris clearance, restoration of essential services, protection assistance, and recovery planning for cultural heritage and environmental assets.
KEY FIGURES
3.4K+ Civilians killed (figure is for the period 28 February-9June, as reported by WHO Middle East Conflict Situation Report #9, 11 June 2026)
33K+ Civilians injured (figure is for the period 28 February-9June, as reported by WHO Middle East Conflict Situation Report #9, 11 June 2026)
149K+ Civilian units damaged (figure is for the period since 28 February as reported by the Iranian Red Crescent Society on 7 June 2026)
SITUATION OVERVIEW
The ceasefire remained in effect throughout June, though localized incidents between 8 and 11 June injured 20 people and damaged civilian infrastructure.
Humanitarian needs continue to stem largely from the February–April escalation, while ongoing recovery assessments, inflation, and rising living costs further strained vulnerable households. Agricultural facilities had sustained an estimated US$205 million in direct damages, however domestic food production and supply chains remained largely resilient.
Emergency operations continue in affected areas, focusing on access improvements and response readiness, while additional rescue and life-support equipment is needed to strengthen capacities.
HUMANITARIAN IMPACT AND NEEDS
Health
According to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MoHME), as of 7 June, 52 health workers had been killed and 718 injured during the 2025 and 2026 escalations. Damage to health and power infrastructure continued to disrupt services, with outages threatening hospital operations and vaccine and medicine cold chains, particularly for children under five and patients requiring emergency or referral care. Key needs include backup power for health facilities and cold-chain warehouses, rescue and life-support equipment, and restored access to priority health facilities. Funding and health commodity procurement constraints continue to limit the response.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
Damage to water and power infrastructure continues to limit access to safe drinking water, increasing public health risks, particularly in areas dependent on chlorinated systems and brackish groundwater. Priority needs include water disinfection, restoration of pumping and transmission capacity, temporary water storage and trucking, provision of safe drinking water, and debris clearance to enable repairs.
Food Security
Food remains available in markets; however, rising prices continue to undermine affordability. Between June 2025 and June 2026, food prices increased by 133.9 per cent, while the cost of the minimum food basket rose by more than 35 per cent since February 2026. Lower-income households have experienced the highest inflationary pressures, increasing the need for targeted food and cash assistance.
Protection
Internal movements remained largely temporary, localized, and economically driven, with no large-scale displacement observed. However, a deterioration in conditions could trigger broader population movements. Afghan nationals in Iran continued to face socio-economic hardship, high documentation costs, and uncertainty over mandatory health insurance, while rising living costs, debt, and housing pressures eroded coping capacities. Along the Iran–Pakistan border, extreme heat, difficult travel conditions, financial constraints, and insecurity heightened protection risks for irregular migrants, with increasing family arrivals indicating growing vulnerability.
Education
As of 30 June, the Ministry of Education reported that 1,195 schools had been fully restored, while damage to education and sports facilities was estimated at US$25.1 million, with a further US$2.4 million in losses to equipment, including school supplies, sports resources, and camp facilities. Public education continued to be delivered partly online during the reporting period.
Shelter and Non-Food Items
As of 7 June, the Iranian Red Crescent Society (IRCS) reported that 149,528 civilian units had sustained damage during the escalation, including 123,647 residential units and 24,450 commercial units. The Tehran Municipality assessed that 51,000 residential units had sustained various degrees of damage, expecting most of the reconstruction to be completed by the end of June.
Early Recovery
Debris clearance and recovery activities continue in affected areas. Environmental assessments have identified direct impacts on 16 protected areas, affecting wildlife habitats and ecosystems. Partners continue to advocate for environmental recovery efforts, which remain underfunded compared to other recovery priorities.
Cultural Heritage
Since February 2026, more than 100 cultural heritage sites and institutions have reportedly been affected. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) confirmed damage to two World Heritage sites and impacts on 628 museums, cultural institutions, and heritage assets, threatening cultural preservation, identity, and heritage-based livelihoods. Recovery remains constrained by limited funding, specialized expertise, and restoration materials.
RESPONSE
Health
The United Nations Children’s Agency (UNICEF), in partnership with MoHME and a private-sector partner, is supporting routine immunization through the procurement of 200,000 rotavirus vaccine doses and two million doses of Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP) vaccine. UNICEF received 294 Rapid Response backpacks expected to reach 310,000 people, and is procuring and delivering five prefabricated health units, five primary healthcare tents, and equipment for 25 walk-in cold rooms. WHO is procuring diagnostics, medicines, vector-control supplies, generators, trauma and emergency kits, and non-communicable disease kits for affected provinces. Mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) for health workers continues in 23 cities; as of 23 June, over 5,900 people attended in-person sessions, 3,000 joined webinars, and 594 health workers received individual support, including 94 referrals for specialized care. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) delivered three of 142 planned emergency backup generators (15–100 Kva) for health facilities and cold-chain warehouses. The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) provided MHPSS to 31 beneficiaries and will support procurement of trucks, generators, and air conditioners for MoHME. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) delivered medical humanitarian assistance for trauma care and other specialized supplies.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
UNDP is supporting water service restoration through the procurement of 100 chlorination and disinfection units, rehabilitation of priority pumping systems, deployment of temporary water storage and water trucking, and installation of five reverse osmosis desalination units in affected communities. The support includes on-the-job training for local operators in system maintenance and water quality monitoring, in partnership with provincial water authorities.
Food Security
National efforts to maintain essential commodity supplies and stabilize markets continued nationwide. The World Food Programme (WFP) provided food and cash assistance to 35,542 refugees, including daily bread through supported bakeries and wheat flour distributions, while school feeding continued via take-home rations for about 9,000 refugee students.
Protection
UNICEF is training frontline workers and caregivers to support children affected by conflict-related distress through the Teaching Recovery Techniques Plus Parenting package. The United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) continues reception, registration, protection and legal counselling, case management, psychosocial and child protection services, and protection risk assessments. IOM assessed 128 vulnerable households, initiated cash assistance for 260 households, and is procuring 59 wheelchairs for migrants with disabilities for direct distribution.
Education
Education partners are supporting learning continuity through online and offline learning, educational packages, and TV-based education while beginning rehabilitation activities. UNESCO has secured funding to provide MHPSS to conflict-affected children and families in partnership with the Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization.
Shelter and Non-Food Items
IRCS announced plans to construct 20 relief warehouses across Tehran Province to strengthen emergency preparedness and response capacity. The facilities will store essential relief supplies and rescue equipment to ensure faster response during crises.
Early Recovery
National partners continued debris clearance and recovery efforts. According to Tehran Municipality, 1,704 machines were deployed, 603 debris-clearing missions conducted, and 4,032 transport operations completed during the escalation, with about 20 per cent of the estimated 20,000 tonnes of conflict-generated debris cleared. The Government continued efforts to strengthen energy resilience, including adding nearly 5,000 MW of solar power capacity. UNDP is supporting debris removal and emergency response capacity through heavy machinery and rescue equipment for IRCS, while UNESCO is mobilizing resources for environmental assessment and post-conflict ecosystem recovery.
Cultural Heritage
UNESCO is supporting assessments and recovery planning for conflict-affected cultural heritage sites, including Golestan Palace and Chehel Sotoun, while mobilizing resources and strengthening capacities across the museum and heritage sectors. Assessments of museums and intangible cultural heritage have been completed to guide recovery interventions, and coordination for implementation of secured funding is ongoing.